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a085632759
add uuid to frontmatter 2022-03-02 01:43:54 +00:00
6029a95698
most of the notes on feb 22nd 2022-03-02 01:36:36 +00:00
a8de6477af
fix vector formatting issue 2022-03-02 01:34:34 +00:00
24 changed files with 297 additions and 23 deletions

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Bash
tags: [ linux, shell, programming ]
tags:
- linux
- shell
- programming
uuid: a436d67a-1f07-45fb-9241-5dbaa69b4667
---
# `set` builtin[^gnuset]

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Setting Up Nginx and Let's Encrypt in Docker
tags: [ linux, docker, programming ]
tags:
- linux
- docker
- programming
uuid: 2abad576-9921-463b-928d-2381f91488e0
---
# Setting Up Nginx and Let's Encrypt in Docker

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Git
tags: [ linux, programming, git ]
tags:
- linux
- programming
- git
uuid: 8eb93ba5-72e8-4c25-b1f5-02e25408a14d
---

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@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: GNOME is a Whole Mess
tags: [ gnome, linux, troubleshooting ]
tags:
- gnome
- linux
- troubleshooting
uuid: 635199f2-f2c6-4f94-840f-8f729bde0c13
---
Gnome is, like, a whole mess. These are the weird issues I had to solve.

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Go (golang)
tags: [ golang, programming ]
tags:
- golang
- programming
uuid: 70d24c2e-25f6-4a46-9756-659d13b5149f
---
# Getting Up to Speed With Go

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: libvirt
tags: [ linux, virtualisation ]
tags:
- linux
- virtualisation
uuid: 62c2f458-f701-4075-8e12-d9b9a59efd1f
---
# issues

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Linux
tags: [ linux ]
tags:
- linux
uuid: 8ef11516-4afd-4f80-abb8-bdce045e8b65
---
# user stuff

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@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Postgres
tags: [ programming ]
tags:
- programming
uuid: 7e44b054-4b6e-4f8c-b9af-9d4c4bf77878
---
\tableofcontents

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@ -2,7 +2,14 @@
author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Pulseaudio
tags: [ pulseaudio, linux, audio, mixing, microphone, sink ]
tags:
- pulseaudio
- linux
- audio
- mixing
- microphone
- sink
uuid: 4e251354-9afb-49fd-abd9-fedc9b280a25
---
# Collect and Mix Sound Input From Different Sources {#paMixer}

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Python
tags: [ docker, python, programming, io ]
tags:
- docker
- python
- programming
- io
uuid: cd5c50f9-66f4-4a3b-b89a-04a20ecd642b
---
# Issues

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Dell XPS 15 (9570)
tags: [ dell, xps, xps_15, windows, drivers ]
tags:
- dell
- xps
- xps_15
- windows
- drivers
uuid: 489c3145-b3b8-43e0-b51c-c788977e2907
---
# Installing Windows: A media driver your computer needs is missing.

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1026 // Calculus
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, mmme1026, maths, calculus ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- mmme1026
- maths
- calculus
uuid: 126b21f8-e188-48f6-9151-5407f2b2b644
---
# Calculus of One Variable Functions

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@ -2,7 +2,15 @@
author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1026 // Complex Numbers
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, mmme1026, maths, complex_numbers ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- mmme1026
- maths
- complex_numbers
uuid: b9be8780-1ab7-402f-9c67-8cc74a74f7a9
---
# Complex Numbers

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1026 // Systems of Equations and Matrices
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, mmme1026, maths, systems_of_equations, matrices ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- mmme1026
- maths
- systems_of_equations
- matrices
uuid: 16edb140-9946-4759-93df-50cad510fe31
---
# Systems of Equations (Simultaneous Equations)

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@ -2,7 +2,15 @@
author: Akbar Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1026 // Vectors
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, mmme1026, maths, vectors ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- mmme1026
- maths
- vectors
uuid: ef1669d9-b8c3-4813-8b33-5764a2f57a55
---
Vectors have a *magnitude* (size) and *direction*.
@ -248,7 +256,7 @@ $$\frac{x-x_0}{d_1} = \frac{y-y_0}{d_2} = \frac{z-z_0}{d_3}$$
A *plane* can be defined by specifying either:
- three points (as long as they're not in a straight line)
- a point on the plne and two directions (useful for a parametric form)
- a point on the plane and two directions (useful for a parametric form)
- specifying a point on the plane and the normal vector to the plane
#### Specifying a Point and a Normal Vector
@ -263,7 +271,7 @@ $$(\pmb r - \pmb a) \cdot \pmb n = 0$$
So the *vector equation* of the plane is
$$\pmb r \cdot \pmb n = \pmb a \cdot n = d$$
$$\pmb r \cdot \pmb n = \pmb a \cdot \pmb n = \pmb d$$
where $\pmb r = (x, y, z)$ and the vectors $\pmb a$ and $\pmb n$ are known.
@ -291,6 +299,7 @@ and so the equation of the plane is
$$(\pmb r - \pmb a)\cdot((\pmb c - \pmb a)\times(\pmb c - \pmb b)) = 0$$
#### The Angle Between Two Planes
... is the same as the angle between their normal vectors

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@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ tags:
- statics
- dynamics
title: MMME1028 // Statics
uuid: 2ddad9d0-b085-4602-aca9-c573351558ba
---
# Lecture L1.1, L1.2

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1029 // Manufacturing
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, mmme1029, manufacturing ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- mmme1029
- manufacturing
uuid: b5fae4fd-32c3-4fd8-a05a-7440d6c44f9c
---
# Cost Modelling

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1029 // Materials
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, mmme1029, materials ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- mmme1029
- materials
uuid: 755626f6-53ae-473a-8ff8-185ca9427bfd
---
\tableofcontents

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1048 // Fluid Dynamics
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, fluid_mechanics, mmme1048, fluid_dynamics ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- fluid_mechanics
- mmme1048
- fluid_dynamics
uuid: b88f78f8-a358-460b-9dbb-812e7b1ace92
---
\newcommand\Rey{\mbox{\textit{Re}}}
@ -384,3 +392,157 @@ Head form:
\frac{p_s}{\rho g} + z + \frac{v^2}{2g} &= \text{total head} \\
\frac{p_s}{\rho g} + z &= \text{piezometric head}
\end{align*}
# Steady Flow Energy Equation (SFEE)
SFEE is a more general equation that can be applied to **any fluid** and also is also takes
**heat energy** into account.
This is useful in applications such as a fan heater, jet engines, ICEs, and steam turbines.
The equation deals with 3 types of energy tranfer:
1. Thermal energy transfer (e.g. heat tranfer from central heating to a room)
2. Work energy transfer (e.g. shaft from car engine that turns wheels)
3. Energy transfer in fluid flows (e.g. heat energy in a flow, potential energy in a flow, kinetic
energy in a flow)
## Derivation of Steady Flow Energy Equation
#### Consider a control volume with steady flows in and out and steady transfers of work and heat.
The properties don't change with time at any any location and are considered uniform over inlet and
outlet areas $A_1$ and $A_2$.
For steady flow, the mass, $m$, of the fluid **within the control volume** and the total energy, $E$,
must be constant.
$E$ includes **all forms for energy** but we only consider internal, kinetic, and potential energy.
#### Consider a small time interval $\delta t$.
During $\delta t$, mass $\delta m_1$ enters the control volume and $\delta m_2$ leaves:
![](./images/vimscrot-2022-03-01T22:47:31,932087932+00:00.png)
The specific energy $e_1$ of fluid $\delta m_1$ is the sum of the specific internal energy, specific
kinetic energy, and specific potential energy:
$$e_1 = u_1 + \frac{v_1^2}{2} gz_1$$
$$e_2 = u_2 + \frac{v_2^2}{2} gz_2$$
Since the mass is constant in the control volume, $\delta m_1 = \delta m_2$.
#### Applying the First Law of Thermodynamics
The control volume is a system for which $\delta E_1$ is added and $\delta E_2$ is removed::
$$\delta E = \delta E_2 - \delta E_1$$
$E$ is constant so applying the
[first law of thermodynamics](thermodynamics.html#st-law-of-thermodynamics)
we know that:
$$\delta Q + \delta W = \delta E$$
We can also say that:
$$\delta E = \delta E_2 - \delta E_1 = \delta m(e_2 - e_1)$$
#### The Work Term
The work term, $\delta W$, is mae up of shaft work **and the work necessary to deform the system**
(by adding $\delta m_1$ at the inlet and removing $\delta m_2$ at the outlet):
$$\delta W = \delta W_s + \text{net flow work}$$
Work is done **on** the system by the mass entering and **by** the system on the mass leaving.
For example, at the inlet:
![](./images/vimscrot-2022-03-01T22:59:14,129582752+00:00.png)
$$\text{work done on system} = \text{force} \times \text{distance} = p_1A_1\delta x = p_1\delta V_1$$
Knowing this, we can write:
$$\delta W = \delta W_s + (p_1\delta V_1 - p_2\delta V_2)$$
#### Back to the First Law
Substituting these equations:
$$\delta E = \delta E_2 - \delta E_1 = \delta m(e_2 - e_1)$$
$$\delta W = \delta W_s + (p_1\delta V_1 - p_2\delta V_2)$$
into:
$$\delta Q + \delta W = \delta E$$
gives us:
$$\delta Q + \left[ \delta W_s + (p_1\delta V_1 - p_2\delta V_2)\right] = \delta m (e_2-e_1)$$
Dividing everything by $\delta m$ and with a bit of rearranging we get:
$$q + w_s = e_2-e_1 + \frac{p_2}{\rho_2} - \frac{p_1}{\rho_1}$$
#### Substiute Back for $e$
$$e = u + \frac{v^2}{2} + gz$$
This gives us:
$$q + w_s + \left[ u_2 + \frac{p_2}{\rho_2} + gz_2 + \frac{v_2^2}{2} \right] - \left[ u_1 + \frac{p_1}{\rho_1} + gz_1 + \frac{v_1^2}{2} \right]$$
#### Rearrange and Substitute for Enthalpy
By definition, enthalpy $h = u + pv = u + \frac p \rho$.
This gives us the equation:
$$q + w_s = (h_2 - h_1) + g(z_2-z_1) + \frac{v_2^2-v_1^2}{2}$$
This equation is in specific energy form.
Multiplying by mass flow rate will give you the power form.
## Application of the Steady Flow Energy Equation
#### Heat Transfer Devices
Like heat exchangers, boilers, condensers, and furnaces.
In this case, $\dot W = 0$, $\delta z ~ 0$, and $\delta v^2 ~ 0$ so the equation can be simplified
to just
$$\dot Q = \dot m(h_2-h_1) = \dot m c_p(T_2-T_1)$$
#### Throttle Valve
No heat and work transfer.
Often you can neglect potential and kinetic energy terms, giving you:
$$0 = h_2-h_1)$$
#### Work Transfer Devices
e.g. Turbines, Pumps, Fans, and Compressors
For these there is often no heat transfer ($\dot Q = 0$) and we can neglect potential
($\delta z ~ 0$) and kinetic ($\delta v^2 ~ 0$) energy terms, giving us the equation
$$\dot W = \dot m (h_2-h_1) = \dot m c_p(T_2-T_1)$$
#### Mixing Devices
e.g. hot and cold water in a shower
In these processes, work and heat transfers are not important and you can often
neglect potential and kinetic energy terms, giving us the same equation as for the throttle valve
earlier:
$$0 = h_2-h_1$$
which you may want to write more usefully as:
$$\sum \dot m h_{out} = \sum \dot m h_{in}$$

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1048 // Fluid Mechanics Intro and Statics
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, fluid_mechanics, mmme1048, fluid_statics ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- fluid_mechanics
- mmme1048
- fluid_statics
uuid: 43e8eefa-567f-438b-b93d-63ae08e61d8f
---
# Properties of Fluids

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: MMME1048 // Thermodynamics
tags: [ uni, nottingham, mechanical, engineering, mmme1048, thermodynamics ]
tags:
- uni
- nottingham
- mechanical
- engineering
- mmme1048
- thermodynamics
uuid: db8abbd9-1ef4-4a0d-a6a8-54882f142643
---
# What is Thermodynamics?

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author: Alvie Rahman
date: \today
title: Applied Technology
tags: [ uni, university_of_sussex, applied_technology ]
tags:
- uni
- university_of_sussex
- applied_technology
uuid: 0ec5e507-b024-4594-800a-131cbbe83619
---
<details>